The
Douro wine revolution
Part 1: Overview (continued)
(...continued from part
1) Because of the economic importance of the port trade, table wines
from the Douro have traditionally come a very distant second to port.
Other than this historical artefact, though, there’s no reason why
the Douro couldn’t produce world class table wines on a significant
scale. The seeds for the current table wine revolution lie back in the
1940s, when Fernando Nicolau de Almeida, an oenologist with Ferreira,
had a dream. He visited Bordeaux during the war and returned
determined to produce a top quality table wine.
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Here, the parallel with Penfolds’ iconic Grange is striking,
which Max Schubert was devising at more or less the same time in
Australia, against a backdrop of fortified wine production. Almeida
finally realized his vision with the creation of Barca Velha, made for
the first time in 1952 from grapes grown at the Quinta do Vale de
Meão in the Douro Superior. This quickly became a classic: made only
in great years, just 12 vintages have been released to date.
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Note that
Quinta do Vale de Meão is no longer part of Ferreira – Francisco
Olazabal and his son (also called Francisco) make their own wine here
– and Barca Velha has changed the source of its grapes to Quinta da
Leida. Will it maintain its iconic status? We’ll see.
For a long time Barca Velha was out on its own as the sole top
quality Douro table wine. The next major development was in the 1970s
when João, Fernando’s son, together with José Ramos Pinto Rosas,
isolated what they thought were the five most important Douro grape
varieties, from the 90 or so known. |
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These were Touriga Nacional, Tinta
Roriz, Touriga Franca, Tinta Cão and Tinta Barroca. This work led to
the development of Ramos Pinto’s flagship wine, Duas Quintas Reserva.
If you add to this list Tinta Amarela and Sousão (a ‘teinturier’
variety, i.e. with coloured flesh), and you have the seven grapes that
have been the focus of recent planting activity. Many of the very
important older vineyards, however, contain a more-or-less random mix
of as many as 30 different varieties. It’s a happy state of
confusion.
The Douro as seen from the
train, just before Pinhão
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Since the 1970s there have been some new high-quality table wines
produced, but it’s really just been a trickle. Now, however, we are
seeing the beginning of an exciting new phase in the development of
Douro table wines. There is a flood of new developments spurred on by
the emergence of dynamic young winemaking talent and progress by some
of the more established pioneers.
At the forefront of this movement is
Dirk Niepoort, who has added three exciting new table wines to his
portfolio in the last couple of years.
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In June 2002 he invited me out
to the Douro so that could I see for myself the progress that is being
made with table wines, not just by him, but also by several other key
producers.
The Douro is currently an exciting place to be. A critical mass of
producers has emerged who are passionate about making the very best
wines their exceptional terroirs are capable of. Best of all, they are
talking to each other and tasting each others’ wines, which can only
help with progress. But it’s still early days and there’s still
lots to be learned about making the very best Douro wines. |
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Sunrise over the vineyards |
I will be writing up my trip in a number of stages, beginning with
a dinner in London and culminating in an exhaustive tasting of wines
from many of the key producers held on the last night of my visit. By
the end, I hope you’ll have at least a grasp of the current
situation here, and an appreciation of why I was so enthused by my
visit.
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